Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD) is a type of Cluster B personality disorder characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior. People with HPD often feel uncomfortable when they are not the center of attention and may use dramatic, seductive, or manipulative behavior to draw attention to themselves.
Key Symptoms
According to the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), HPD may include the following traits:
Constant need for approval and reassurance
Inappropriate seductive or provocative behavior
Shallow and rapidly shifting emotions
Excessive concern with physical appearance
Exaggerated expression of emotions
Easily influenced by others or by current trends
Believing relationships are more intimate than they really are
Causes and Risk Factors
There’s no single cause for HPD, but contributing factors include:
Genetic predisposition (family history of personality disorders)
Childhood trauma or neglect
Parenting style (overindulgence or inconsistent attention)
Cultural and societal influences that reinforce attention-seeking
Diagnosis
HPD can only be diagnosed by a qualified mental health professional (psychiatrist or clinical psychologist) through:
A psychological evaluation
Personal and medical history review
Discussion of symptoms and behaviors over time
HPD is diagnosed only if the behavior is persistent, interferes with relationships or work, and has been present since early adulthood.
How to Overcome or Manage HPD
1. Psychotherapy (Primary Treatment)
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Helps recognize and change distorted thought patterns and behaviors.
Psychodynamic therapy: Explores unconscious motivations and relationship patterns.
Interpersonal therapy: Focuses on improving communication and relationships.
2. Medications
While there is no medication to treat HPD itself, drugs may be prescribed for symptoms like:
Depression
Anxiety
Mood swings
These may include SSRIs or anti-anxiety medications, but should only be used under medical supervision.
3. Lifestyle Adjustments and Support
Mindfulness and self-awareness: Encourages control over impulsive behavior.
Structured routines: Reduces emotional instability.
Healthy outlets: Creative expression, physical activity, or volunteering can provide alternative ways to gain validation.
Limit harmful triggers: Avoid excessive social media or people who encourage unhealthy attention-seeking.
Tips for People With HPD
Be honest with yourself about your behaviors and motivations.
Ask trusted friends or a therapist for feedback.
Practice listening more than speaking in conversations.
Accept that not being the center of attention is okay.
Work on building self-esteem from within—not from others' approval.
Tips for Supporting Someone With HPD
Set clear and respectful boundaries.
Avoid reinforcing dramatic behavior with excessive attention.
Offer support while encouraging professional help.
Stay patient—progress often takes time and consistency.
Final Thoughts
HPD is a manageable condition with the right support and treatment. Many people with HPD can learn to form healthier relationships and lead fulfilling lives once they gain insight into their patterns and commit to change.